The Journal of Nutrition Supplement: Heart Healthy Omega-3s for Food—Stearidonic Acid (SDA) as a Sustainable Choice Conclusions and Recommendations from the Symposium, Heart Healthy Omega-3s for Food: Stearidonic Acid (SDA) as a Sustainable Choice

Faculty who had presented at the symposium “Heart Healthy Omega-3s (n-3 fatty acids) for Food: Stearidonic Acid (SDA) as a Sustainable Choice” met and agreed upon conclusions and recommendations that could be made on the basis of evidence provided at the symposium. The participants also submitted manuscripts relating to their topics and these are presented in this supplement. These manuscripts were reviewed and also contributed to the conclusions and recommendations presented herein. The three major objectives of the symposium were to: 1) increase understanding of the current and emerging knowledge regarding the health benefits of (n-3) fatty acids (FA) including a focus on stearidonic acid (SDA) and EPA; 2) evaluate the importance of increasing (n-3) FA consumption in the US and the current challenge of doing so via mainstream foods; and 3) consider the health and food application benefits of SDA as a precursor to EPA and a plant-based sustainable source of highly unsaturated (n-3) FA for mainstream foods. Specific areas for future research were defined and included in the summary and conclusions herein. Overall evidence-based conclusions included: the current evidence provides a strong rationale for increasing (n-3) FA intakes in the US and other populations; current consumption of (n-3) FA in most populations is either insufficient or not efficient at providing adequate tissue levels of the long-chain (n-3) FA EPA and DHA; SDA in soybean oil appears to be a cost-effective and sustainable plant-based source that could contribute to reaching recommended levels of (n-3) FA intake, but more research and surveillance is needed; and adding SDA-enriched soybean oil to foods should be considered as a natural fortification approach to improving (n-3) FA status in the US and other populations. References for these conclusions and recommendations can be found in the articles included in the supplement. J. Nutr. doi: 10.3945/jn.111.149831. 1 Published in a supplement to The Journal of Nutrition. Presented at the Experimental Biology 2011 satellite session, “Heart Healthy Omega-3s for Food: Stearidonic Acid (SDA) as a Sustainable Choice,” held inWashington, DC, April 8, 2011.The conference was organized by the American Society for Nutrition and was supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Solae, LLC, and Monsanto. The coordinators for this supplement were D’Ann Finley, University of California, Davis; Richard J. Deckelbaum, Columbia University; and Eileen Kennedy, Tufts University. Supplement Coordinator disclosures: D’Ann Finley has no relationships to disclose, Richard J. Deckelbaum has received an honorarium from the American Society for Nutrition for editing this supplement, Eileen Kennedy is a member of the Advisory Committee with Solae, Co. The supplement is the responsibility of the Guest Editor to whom the Editor of The Journal of Nutrition has delegated supervision of both technical conformity to the published regulations of The Journal of Nutrition and general oversight of the scientific merit of each article. The Guest Editor for this supplement is Kevin Schalinske. Guest Editor disclosure: Kevin Schalinske has no relationships to disclose. Publication costs for this supplement were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This publication must therefore be hereby marked “advertisement” in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not attributable to the sponsors or the publisher, Editor, or Editorial Board of The Journal of Nutrition. 2 Supported by an unrestricted educational grant from Solae, LLC andMonsanto. 3 Author disclosures: Each of the authors received travel funds and an honorarium from the ASN for giving a presentation and writing a paper for this symposium. R. J. Deckelbaum received an honorarium from the ASN for this symposium. P. C. Calder serves on the Danone Scientific Advisory Board on Baby Nutrition and served on the Global Advisory Board for Baxter Healthcare that met in 2008. He acts as a consultant to The Danone Research Centre for Specialised Nutrition and in the past 5 y he has acted as a consultant to Mead Johnson Nutritionals, Vifor Pharma, Equazen, and Amarin Corporation. He has received speaking honoraria from Solvay Healthcare, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Pronova Biocare, Fresenius Kabi, B. Braun, Abbott Nutrition, Baxter Healthcare, and Nestle. He currently receives research funding from the Food Standards Agency, the European Commission, Vifor Pharma, and Abbott Nutrition. He is elected President of the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids, an organization that is partly supported by corporate membership fees, mainly the food and supplements industries. W. S. Harris has commercial interests in blood (n-3) fatty acid testing. He is the owner of OmegaQuant, LLC and is employed as a Senior Scientist by Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Inc. The former is a laboratory offering analysis of fatty acids for academic and commercial researchers, whereas the latter is a clinical laboratory that offers RBC fatty analysis to healthcare providers. In addition, he has been an adviser to companies with interests in (n-3) fatty acids such as GlaxoSmithKline, Monsanto, Omthera, Amarin, Acasti Pharma, and Aker Biomarine. He has received research funding from Monsanto, Omthera, Acasti Pharma, and GlaxoSmithKline, a ã 2012 American Society for Nutrition. Manuscript received August 9, 2011. Initial review completed September 2, 2011. Revision accepted October 22, 2011. 1S of 3S doi: 10.3945/jn.111.149831. The Journal of Nutrition. First published ahead of print February 8, 2012 as doi: 10.3945/jn.111.149831. Copyright (C) 2012 by the American Society for Nutrition by gest on O cber 4, 2017 jn.nition.org D ow nladed fom